基于腾讯云物联网开发平台的智能电灯

构建智能电灯

硬件

• NodeMCU ESP8266
• 三色LED模块
• 继电器（开关）
• 面包板
• 杜邦线
• USB数据线

NodeMCU 的管脚图

智能电灯的电路图

智能电灯

物联网开发平台

腾讯云物联网开发平台默认开通了一个公共实例，可以免费接入1000个设备，在实例中您可创建项目、产品和设备并进行管理。

平台使用流程

① 登录腾讯云物联网开发平台控制台

② 进入公共实例

③ 创建项目、产品

1. 新建项目

2. 保存

3. 选择智能家居

4. 新建产品

5. 保存

④ 定义数据模板

进入智能电灯的数据模板

⑥ 交互开发

• 配置小程序，快速入口配置

⑦ 设备调试

1. 新建设备

2. 设备的详细信息，用于开发的三元组（产品ID、设备名称、设备密钥）

3. 新建设备的二维码，可以使用腾讯连连扫描快速增加。

软件实现

参考数据模板协议开发用于上报设备的状态和控制设备的指令。可由腾讯云物联网平台提供的生成小工具自动生成，想了解更多的详情，请查看MQTT.fx 快速接入指引。

MQTT用户名和密码生成工具

配置您自己的信息

WiFi（用于联网）

• ESSID
• PASSWORD

IOT平台定义的设备信息

• DEVICE_NAME（设备名称）
• PRODUCT_ID（产品ID）
• DEVICE_KEY（设备密钥）

MQTT

• MQTT_USERNAME
• MQTT_PASSWORD

代码

• wifi.py

import network
ESSID = ""
PASSWORD = ""
def connect(essid=ESSID, password=PASSWORD):
    wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
    wlan.active(True)
    if not wlan.isconnected():
        print('connecting to network...')
        wlan.connect(essid, password)
        while not wlan.isconnected():
            pass
    print('network config:', wlan.ifconfig())

• led.py

from machine import PWM
from machine import Pin
class LED():
    """
    LED模块
    """
    def __init__(self, rpin, gpin, bpin, freq=1000):
        """
        构造函数
        :param pin: 接LED的管脚，必须支持PWM
        :param freq: PWM的默认频率是1000
        """
        self.pin_red = Pin(rpin)
        self.pin_green = Pin(gpin)
        self.pin_blue = Pin(bpin)

        self.led_red = PWM(self.pin_red, freq = freq)
        self.led_green = PWM(self.pin_green, freq = freq)
        self.led_blue = PWM(self.pin_blue, freq = freq)

    def rgb_light(self, red, green, blue, brightness):
        if red in range(256) and \
            green in range(256) and \
            blue in range(256) and \
            0.0 <= brightness and \
            brightness <=1.0:
            self.led_red.duty(int(red/255*brightness*1023))
            self.led_green.duty(int(green/255*brightness*1023))
            self.led_blue.duty(int(blue/255*brightness*1023))
        else:
            print("red green blue must between 0 and 255, and brightness from 0.0 to 1.0")
        
    def deinit(self):
        """
        析构函数
        """
        self.led_red.deinit()
        self.led_green.deinit()
        self.led_blue.deinit()

• relay.py

from machine import Pin
class Relay():
    """
    继电器，开关
    """
    def __init__(self, pin):
        self.relaypin = Pin(pin, Pin.OUT)

    def set_state(self, state):
        self.relaypin.value(state)

• tencent_mqtt.py

import time
import ujson
from umqtt.simple import MQTTClient
from led import LED
from relay import Relay
"""
QCloud Device Info
"""
DEVICE_NAME = ""
PRODUCT_ID = ""
DEVICE_KEY = ""
"""
MQTT topic
"""
MQTT_DEVICE_CONTROL_TOPIC = "$thing/down/property/"+PRODUCT_ID+"/"+DEVICE_NAME
MQTT_DEVICE_STATUS_TOPIC = "$$thing/up/property/"+PRODUCT_ID+"/"+DEVICE_NAME
MQTT_SERVER = PRODUCT_ID + ".iotcloud.tencentdevices.com"
MQTT_PORT = 1883
MQTT_CLIENT_ID = PRODUCT_ID+DEVICE_NAME
MQTT_USERNAME = ""
MQTT_PASSWORD = ""
class SmartLigth():
    def __init__(self):
        self.led = LED(5, 4, 0)
        self.relay = Relay(16)

        self.power_switch = 1   #开关(0=off, 1=on)
        self.color = 0          #颜色(0=red, 1=green, 2=blue)
        self.brightness = 100   #亮度(0-100)
        self.name = ''          #灯位置名称
class TencentMQTT():
    light = SmartLigth()

    def __init__(self):
        self.mqtt_client = None

    def connect(self):
        self.mqtt_client = MQTTClient(MQTT_CLIENT_ID, MQTT_SERVER, MQTT_PORT, MQTT_USERNAME, MQTT_PASSWORD, 60)
        self.mqtt_client.set_callback(TencentMQTT.control)
        self.mqtt_client.connect()
 
    """
    接收订阅的消息（用于远程控制）
    """
    @staticmethod
    def control(topic, msg):
        light = TencentMQTT.light
        msg_json = ujson.loads(msg)

        if msg_json['method'] == 'control':
            params = msg_json['params']

            power_switch = params.get('power_switch')
            if power_switch is not None:
                light.power_switch = power_switch
                light.relay.set_state(power_switch)
            
            brightness = params.get('brightness')
            if brightness is not None:
                light.brightness = brightness

            color = params.get('color')
            if color is not None:
                light.color = color
            
            name = params.get('name')
            if name is not None:
                light.name = name

            if color != None or brightness != None:
                light.led.rgb_light(
                    255 if light.color==0 else 0, 
                    255 if light.color==1 else 0, 
                    255 if light.color==2 else 0, 
                    light.brightness/100.0)

    """
    发送设备的状态消息
    """
    def report(self):
        msg = {
            "method": "report",
            "clientToken": "clientToken-0123456789",
            "params": {
                "color": self.light.color,
                "name": self.light.name,
                "power_switch": self.light.power_switch,
                "brightness": self.light.brightness
            }   
        }

        self.mqtt_client.publish(MQTT_DEVICE_STATUS_TOPIC.encode(), ujson.dumps(msg).encode())

    """
    初始化，用于打开电灯。
    """
    def light_on(self):
        msg = {
            "method": "control",
            "clientToken": "clientToken-0123456789",
            "params": {
                "color": self.light.color,
                "name": self.light.name,
                "power_switch": self.light.power_switch,
                "brightness": self.light.brightness
            }
        }

        self.control(MQTT_DEVICE_CONTROL_TOPIC.encode(), ujson.dumps(msg).encode())

    """
    消息循环
    """
    def loop(self):
        self.mqtt_client.subscribe(MQTT_DEVICE_CONTROL_TOPIC.encode())

        # 初始化电灯
        self.light_on()

        up_time = 1000
        time_sleep = 50
        time_count = 0
        while True:
            self.mqtt_client.check_msg()

            time_count += time_sleep
            if (time_count >= up_time):
                self.report()
                time_count = 0

            time.sleep_ms(time_sleep)

• main.py

import wifi
from tencent_mqtt import TencentMQTT
if __name__ == '__main__':
    wifi.connect()
    
    mqtt = TencentMQTT()
    mqtt.connect()

    mqtt.loop()

程序写入开发板

$ ./pyboard.py --device /dev/cu.usbserial-0001 -f cp relay.py led.py wifi.py main.py tencent_mqtt.py :
cp relay.py :relay.py
cp led.py :led.py
cp wifi.py :wifi.py
cp main.py :main.py
cp tencent_mqtt.py :tencent_mqtt.py

远程控制

在微信中打开腾讯连连小程序，扫描下面智能电灯的二维码。

智能电灯的控制界面

参考资料

• 腾讯云物联网开发平台入门
• MQTT.fx-目前主流的MQTT桌面客户端
• MQTT X
• MQTT Version 3.1.1 协议标准
• MQTT协议
• umqtt.simple
• MicroPython – Getting Started with MQTT on ESP32/ESP8266
• uasyncio — asynchronous I/O scheduler
• The Breathing Lamp
• micropython-async
• MicroPython Random number generation?
• General information about the ESP8266 port
• MicroPython libraries
• MicroPython 相关库
• Enable two-way SSL/TLS for EMQ X
• Online UUID Generator
• 乐鑫信息科技